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More significant was the fact Hitler became in 1938 the greatest threatening force that the democratic, freedom-loving world faces today. Japan during the same time added tens of millions of Chinese to her empire. Not the mere fact that the Führer brought 10,500,000 more people (7,000,000 Austrians, 3,500,000 Sudetens) under his absolute rule made him the Man of 1938. At year’s end in Lima, his plan of Continental Solidarity for the two Americas had a few of its teeth pulled.īut the figure of Adolf Hitler strode over a cringing Europe with all the swagger of a conqueror. Secretary Hull will remember Good Neighborly 1938 as the year he crowned his trade treaty efforts with the British agreement, but history will not specially identify Mr. Certainly it was not Franklin Roosevelt’s his Purge was beaten and his party lost much of its bulge in the Congress.
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On the American scene, 1938 was no one man’s year. But victory still eluded the Generalissimo and war weariness and disaffection on the Rightist side made his future precarious. If Francisco Franco had won the Spanish Civil War after his great spring drive, he might well have been Man-of-the-Year timber. Pious Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, Man of 1937, was forced to retreat to a “New” West China, where he faced the possibility of becoming only a respectable figurehead in an enveloping Communist movement.
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Gone from the international scene was Eduard Benes, for 20 years Europe’s “Smartest Little Statesman.” Last President of free Czechoslovakia, he was now a sick exile from the country he helped found. His noisy agitation to get Corsica and Tunis from France was rated as a weak bluff whose immediate objectives were no more than cheaper tolls for Italian ships in the Suez Canal and control of the Djibouti-Addis Ababa railroad.
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Aping Mussolini in his gestures and copying triumphant Hitler’s shouting complex, the once liberal Daladier at year’s end was reduced to using parliamentary tricks to keep his job.ĭuring 1938 Dictator Mussolini was only a decidedly junior partner in the firm of Hitler & Mussolini, Inc. An increasing number of Britons ridiculed his appease-the-dictators policy, believed that nothing save abject surrender could satisfy the dictators’ ambitions.Īmong many Frenchmen there rose a feeling that Premier Daladier, by a few strokes of the pen at Munich, had turned France into a second-rate power. Prime Minister Chamberlain’s “peace with honor” seemed more than ever to have achieved neither. Most other world figures of 1938 faded in importance as the year drew to a close. When without loss of blood he reduced Czechoslovakia to a German puppet state, forced a drastic revision of Europe’s defensive alliances, and won a free hand for himself in Eastern Europe by getting a “hands-off” promise from powerful Britain (and later France), Adolf Hitler without doubt became 1938’s Man of the Year. He had stolen Austria before the eyes of a horrified and apparently impotent world.Īll these events were shocking to nations which had defeated Germany on the battlefield only 20 years before, but nothing so terrified the world as the ruthless, methodical, Nazi-directed events which during late summer and early autumn threatened a world war over Czechoslovakia. He had rearmed Germany to the teeth–or as close to the tooth as he was able. He had torn the Treaty of Versailles to shreds. But by all odds the dominating figure at Munich was the German host, Adolf Hitler.įührer of the German people, Commander-in-Chief of the German Army, Navy & Air Force, Chancellor of the Third Reich, Herr Hitler reaped on that day at Munich the harvest of an audacious, defiant, ruthless foreign policy he had pursued for five and a half years. The three visiting statesmen at that historic conference were Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain of Great Britain, Premier Edouard Daladier of France, and Dictator Benito Mussolini of Italy. Greatest single news event of 1938 took place on September 29, when four statesmen met at the Führerhaus, in Munich, to redraw the map of Europe. The article about the 1938 Man of the Year in the Januissue of Time is quoted below: (Caution hatemongering ahead.) Cover of Time magazine for January 1939 featured hatred for Hitler